2014英语高考大纲卷,2014年英语高考题

2013年高考大纲变化重点及各科备考建议！

一、语文

作文不限文体别用网络语言

语文要求考察识记、理解、分析综合、鉴赏评价、表达应用和探究6种能力。

必考内容为：现代文阅读、古代诗文阅读、语言文字运用、写作；能写论述类、实用类和文学类文章。

语文考纲有两个变化：

一是基础知识在字音和字形识别的要求上，都加了“常用字”的限制，更明确了考查范围，就是考查学生常见常用的易读错、写错的字词。

二是写作，过去大纲提“能写议论文、记叙文和说明文及常用的应用文”，今年考纲上指出：“能写记叙文、议论文和说明文及其他常见题材的文体。”这说明高考作文不再限制文体，考生可自选文体，除传统的记叙文、说明文、议论文外，诗歌、戏剧等方式也可运用。

考纲在有文采的问题上作了两点修改：

一是把过去的“词语生动”变成“用词贴切”

二是把过去的“文句有意义”变成“文句有表现力”。

这就要求考生不要追求美，追求华丽，追求辞藻的堆砌，鼓励学生写出语言和内容高度统一的文章，勇于表达自己的见解。

备考建议考生平时要全面训练各种文体，注意一些自然、人文科学的新闻以及一些前沿科技成就。此外，时下学生因受网络语言影响，在作文中使用大量不规范的生造词和语义掺杂不清的语句，这一要求表明，考生如在高考作文中使用网络语言，可能会被扣分。

二、数学

了解知识背景掌握解题方法

数学考纲与去年相比，总体保持平稳，降低了几个知识点的要求，如三角函数、立体几何等。

具体变化为：要求学生应了解知识的背景，如导数概念的某些背景（瞬时速度、加速度、平滑曲线的切线等）。对学生数学思维及运算能力的要求相应有所提高；对“平面”的性质的要求，由掌握变为理解，更切合学生实际；在三角函数和线面垂直的概念上，对文科生的要求有所降低。

考纲对试题易、中、难的比例有了更明确规定，以容易题、中档题为试题主体，较难题占30%。文科试题“适当拉大试题难度的分布区间，试题难度的起点应降低，而试题难度终点应与理科相同”。这表明文理科试卷的难度差异将会加大，力求文理科学生成绩平衡。

备考建议对概念、性质、定理等基础知识的复习不能走“过场”、赶进度，把知识炒成“夹生饭”，而应在“准确、系统、灵活”上面下工夫。基础知识是成绩提升的瓶颈，只有对基础知识有深刻理解和领会时，才能突破这一瓶颈，逐步形成基本技能，实现能力的提升。在复习中要注意归纳方法，掌握大众化的解题方法。

三、英语

注重运用能力多读英文报刊

英语考纲具有几大特点：

一是非常重视实际使用英语能力的考查。主要考查考生的听说读写能力，其中最重要的是考查考生的阅读能力。考纲中列出了阅读要在高考中读5篇文章，这5篇文章的长度要求达到3000个单词，而且占的分值最高。

二是基本上是在语篇中进行的。考听力是在一个个对话中进行的，完型填空、阅读理解、书面表达、短文改错都是这样的，即使是单项填空也要给你设一个完整的情景。现在的英语高考都是通过在语篇来考查学生的思维能力。有的同学说：“我口语对话不错，语感也不错，但我的逻辑推理能力不强。”那么，你在英语高考中是得不到好分数的。

此外，今年国家命题中心会提供两类试题，一类含听力，一类不含听力，供各地使用。

备考建议考纲难度在0.55-0.65中，高考取胜的关键在于中低档题的成功率。考生切勿在意个别一两个难题、怪题。因此，在复习中一定要特别强调的就是基础，基础，再基础。“读”英文报纸、杂志也有好处，因为高考的选材多数来源于最新的书报时文。

四、理综

不要死背公式避免题海战术

生物考纲将“能阐述所学知识的要点，把握知识间的内在联系，形成知识网络”，修改为“能把握所学知识的要点和知识的内在联系”；新增“能用文字、图表、图解等形式阐述生物学事实、概念、原理和规律等”；删除了“能用文字、图表等多种表达形式，准确地描述生物学方面的内容”。

化学考纲删去了“掌握有关物质溶解度的简单计算”和“‘思维能力’中对原子、分子等粒子的微观结构有一定的空间想象能力”。

物理考纲对学生的能力要求、内容范围、题型示例均没有作出实质性变化。试题仍以中档题为主，试题突出理论联系生产、生活实际和现代科学技术。

备考建议不要死背概念和公式，而要在透彻理解的基础上去记忆，要抓住重点，合理训练，避免题海战术。

五、文综

考点没有增减应一个个落实

总体来说，文综考纲保持稳定。政治知识范围基本稳定，只有个别知识点作了调整。政治考点共167个，其中经济学有57个，有两处变化：关税原来是和对外贸易并列，现在被纳入对外贸易；宏观调控改为宏观调控的目标和手段。哲学有66个考点，与去年相比没有任何变化。政治学有44个，这部分知识与去年相比，说法上有所不同。国内外重大时事时间限定为2012年4月至2013年3月。

历史科体现了“稳中求变”的高考思想，题型示例有调整。

地理部分的变化不大，较去年只是删去了“世界粮食问题”。

备考建议学生复习时，对政治考纲中涉及到的考点千万不要怠慢，要一个一个地落实，强化记忆理解。

PS：每一年的大纲变化都不是很大。

希望对您有所帮助。

2013年高考英语大纲卷

第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What does the man want to do?

A. Take photos. B. Buy a camera. C. Help the woman.

2. What are the speakers talking about?

A. A noisy night. B. Their life in town. C. A place of living.

3. Where is the man now?

A. On his way. B. In a restaurant. C. At home.

4. What will Celia do?

A. Find a player. B. Watch a game. C. Play basketball.

5. What day is it when the conversation takes place?

A. Saturday. B. Sunday. C. Monday.

第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What is Sara going to do?

A. Buy John a gift. B. Give John a surprise. C. Invite John to France.

7. What does the man think of Sara’s plan?

A. Funny. B. Exciting. C. Strange.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. Why does Diana say sorry to peter?

A. She has to give up her travel pan.

B. She wants to visit another city.

C. She needs to put off her test.

9. What does Diana want Peter to do?

A. Help her with her study. B. Take a book to her friend. C. Teach a geography lesson.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Why does the man call the woman?

A. To tell her about her new job.

B. To ask about her job program.

C. To plan a meeting with her.

11. Who needs a new flat?

A. Alex. B. Andrea. C. Miranda.

12. Where is the woman now?

A. In Baltimore. B. In New York. C. In Avon.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What does Jan consider most important when he judges a restaurant?

A. Where the restaurant is.

B. Whether the prices are low.

C. How well the food is prepared.

14. When did Jan begin to write for a magazine?

A. After he came back to Sweden.

B. Before he went to the United States.

C. As soon as he got his first job in 1982.

15. What may Jan do to find a good restaurant?

A. Talk to people in the street. B. Speak to taxi drivers. C. Ask hotel clerks.

16. What do we know about Jan?

A.He cooks for a restaurant. B.He travels a lot for his work. C.He prefers American food.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题

17. What do we know about the Plaza Leon?

A. It’s a new building. B. It’s a small town. C. It’s a public place.

18. When do parents and children like going to the Plaza Leon?

A. Saturday nights. B. Sunday afternoons. C. Fridays and Saturdays.

19. Which street is known for its food shops and markets?

A. Via del Mar Street. B. Fernando Street. C. Hemandes Street

20. Why does the speaker like Horatio Street best ?

A. It has an old stone surface. B. It is named after a writer. C. It is a famous university.

答案第一节1~5 ACACB 第二节 6~10 BBABA 11~15 BACAA 16~20 BCBCC

听力原文

1. Man: I’ve got my camera with me. Am I allowed to take photos here?

Woman: I think so. It doesn’t say you can’t.

2. A: I really like living here in this flat, because it’s so near the center of town.

　B: That’s true. But it gets really noisy at night.

3. A: Hi, Maggie. I’m coming, but it’s snowing and the traffic is moving slowly.

　B: Ok, David. Take your time. We’ll wait for you, so we can have dinner together.

4. A: Celia, you see those girls over there? They need another player for a basketball game. Would you like to join them?

B: Seems like it’s a game for fun. Sure, I’ll be there in a minute.

5. A: I won’t have anything to wear to work on Monday unless I pick up my clothes at the dry cleaner’s.

B: Then you’d better hurry. It closes at noon on Sundays.

A: Oh! I should have gone there on Saturday.

6、7. A: Alright, Sara, we know that you are planning something big for John’s birthday. Could you tell us just what you have in your mind?

B: I want to make his birthday a very special event. John has a sister living in France. And I’ll send her a plane ticket, so that she can be here for his birthday.

A: Boy! What an excellent plan! That’s something special. I kind of guessed you had some secret plan and were waiting for the right time to tell me.

B: Well, I didn’t want to say anything until I was sure she could come.

8、9. A: Hey, Peter, I’m sorry!

B: Hi, Diana, what’s wrong?

A: We were going to Hong Kong this weekend, but I’m afraid I can’t go.

B: How come?

A: I have a really big geography test and I have to study for it.

B: We can go next week instead.

A: No, I don’t want to ruin your weekend. You go ahead and please take the book I bought to my friend Sally. Tell her I have to study all weekend, because I can’t afford to fail the test.

B: Ok, then I’ll go with Dan. But it’s a pity you can’t come.

10—12. A: Hello, this is Andrea.

B: Hello, Andrea, this is Alex. I have some very good news for you. Miranda was very satisfied with you and said she’s very much looking forward to working with you. Isn’t that wonderful? Congratulations dear! How does it feel to be Miranda’s new assistant? I imagine that you’ll just be delighted with this news. So let’s see, you can start on Monday, right?

A: Umm, well, I don’t think I can start Monday. I am visiting my father in Baltimore. And because I don’t live in New York, I’ll need a couple of days to find a flat and buy some furniture and move my things from Avon.

B: Oh, well then, in that case I suppose Wednesday would be good. Ok, see you then!

13—16. Woman: Hello, Mr. Jan Erick Freedman. You’re a frequent traveler. And we also know that you eat out twice a day. How come you’re so fond of eating out?

Man: When I got my first job back in 1982 and started travelling, I had no other choice but eat out. I found that I felt different due to what I was eating, so I tried to find places that served food that made me feel good. The secret was the quality of the food and how well the food was prepared. I made an effort to find good restaurants as well as nice dishes.

Woman: How did you manage to make a list of 218 favorite restaurants?

Man: I’ve lived in many cities and when I moved back to Sweden from the United States, people asked me where to go and eat when they went to cities I knew. I got a lot of ideas. Then I wrote about restaurants for the Swedish club magazine and someone suggested I gather the information about the restaurants together since I had all the facts about the restaurants I’ve been to. I started to do that.

Woman: How do you find restaurants?

Man: The best way is to ask the people there. I may talk to the people at the street market or take a walk and look for a place for myself. I never asked a hotel clerk or a taxi driver. I don’t go empty restaurants or places with menus too difficult to understand.

17—20. Man: At the beginning of the tour, we’ll start with the most important place in my town, which is the Plaza Leon. The Plaza Leon, which is more than 100 years old, is a gathering place for young people on Friday and Saturday nights, and for parents and children on Sunday afternoons. Four streets lead to the Plaza, which have white sidewalks and treeline. Hernandes Street, which was named after a famous writer born in the city, contains all of the food stores, fish markets and vegetable stands. Fernando Street, which was named after an educator, is where all of the government offices are housed. Via del Mar Street, whose roads are made of stones, is the only street which still has its old surface. Finally we come to Horatio Street on which there are two universities, one of them is the most famous university in my country. That’s why it’s my favorite street of all.