高考状语从句考点归纳,高考状语从句考点

1.高中的英语语法，从句部分的讲解

状语从句中的省略用法

在英语学习过程中，我们经常遇到状语从句中的省略用法，它是一种简洁、精练、地道的文字表达形式，也是值得关注的一个高考考点。例如：

1. The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can be done to change it. （ NMET 2002 ）

A. began B. having begun C. beginning D. begun

2. When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced 状语从句中的省略用法现总结如下：

一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句的谓语含有 be 动词的某种形式（ am/ is / are / was /were ），可同时省略从句的主语和 be 动词的某种形式。 1. when, while 引导的时间状语从句。例如：

（ 1 ） Do be careful when （ you are ） crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。

（ 2 ） When （ it is ） heated to 100 ℃ , water will turn into vapor. 水加热到 100 摄氏度就会变成蒸气。

（ 3 ） When / While （ I was ） on my way to work, I met her. 在上班的路上我遇见了她。

2. if, unless, once 引导的条件状语从句。例如：

（ 1 ） If （ it is ） properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment. 如果废物妥善处理，就不会对环境有危害。

（ 2 ） The price, if （ it is ） a little higher than last year's, is still rather reasonable.

价格即使比去年稍高，但仍然相当合理。

（ 3 ） I'll not go to the party unless （ I am ） invited. 如果不邀请我，我就不参加那个晚会。

（ 4 ） Unless （ he is ） in uniform, he doesn't look like a policeman. 如果不穿制服，他看上去就不像警察。

（ 5 ） Once （ you are ） caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be published. 在超市偷东西一旦被抓住，你就会受处罚。

3. though, although, whether, no matter whether / what / how / who 等引导的让步状语从句。例如：

（ 1 ） Though / Although （ he was ） blamed for his mistake, the boy didn't seem to be angry.

尽管那个男孩受到批评，但他似乎并没有生气。

（ 2 ） He was happy, though / although （ he was ） poor. 他虽穷，却很幸福。

（ 3 ） Whether （ she is ） sick or well, she is always cheerful. 无论是生病还是健康，她总是高高兴兴的。

（ 4 ） Anyone, no matter who / whoever （ he is ） , may point out our shortcomings. 无论是什么人给我们指出我们的缺点都行。

（ 5 ） No matter how / However hard the task （ is ） , we must fulfill it in time.

　不管任务多艰巨，我们都必须按时完成它。（注意：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的 be 动词形式）

（ 6 ） The government of China has decided to develop western China, no matter what / whatever the difficulties （ may be ） .

中国政府决心开发西部地区，不管有多少困难。（注意：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的 be 动词形式）

4. as if, as though 引导的方式状语从句。

（ 1 ） He rubbed his eyes and yawned as if / though （ he were ） waking up after a long sleep.

他又揉眼睛又打哈欠，好像刚睡了一大觉似的。

（ 2 ） He stood up as if / though （ he wanted ） to leave.

他站起来好像要离开。（注意： as if / though + to do 表示一个将来的动作） （ 3 ） Jim hurriedly left the room as if / though （ he was ） angry. Jim 匆忙离开了时间，好像生气了。

二、 than, as 引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时，一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（ be 动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较的部分。

（ 1 ） He is taller than his brother （ is ） . 他比他的兄弟长得高。

（ 2 ） The population of China is larger than that of America （ is ） . 中国人口比美国人口多。

（ 3 ） You hate him as much as I （ hate him ） . 我和你一样恨他。

高中的英语语法，从句部分的讲解

　状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。

状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下:

(简单来说,只要是看到了状语从句的引导词,就知道是哪类状语从句了) 1． 时间状语从句

常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until

特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when

I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.

While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.

The children ran away from the orchard(果园), the moment they saw the guard.

No sooner had I arrived home ,then it began to rain.

Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.

2． 地点状语从句

常用引导词：where

特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere

Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.

Wherever you go, you should work hard.

地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型，例如：

句型1：Where+地点从句，（there）+主句。

注意此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。例如：

Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本不可能的。

They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed. 他们都是好人。因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎。

You should have put the book where you found it. 你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。

Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中国***，哪里人民就得解放。

句型2：Any/where+地点从句/主句。

注意anywhere本身是个副词，但是，常可以引导从句，相当于连词，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。 而wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。例如：

Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海员。

3． 原因状语从句

常用引导词：because, since, as, for

特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that.

My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.

我的朋友不喜欢我，因为我又英俊又成功。

Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.

既然每个人都到了，让我们开始我们的会议吧。

The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.

更高的收入税是有害的，因为它或许会阻碍人们努力赚钱。

4． 目的状语从句

常用引导词：so that, in order that

特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that

The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.

老板要求秘书快写函件以便他能在上面签字。

The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.

为了让后面的学生听得更清楚，老师有意地提高了他的声音。

5． 结果状语从句

常用引导词：so … that, such … that,

特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,

He got up so early that he caught the first bus.

It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.

To such a degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.

6． 条件状语从句

常用引导词：if, unless,

特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that

We’ll start our project if the president agrees.

You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.

Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.

7． 让步状语从句

常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though

特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever

Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.

尽管我很尊敬他， 我却不同意他的建议。

The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.

No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.

He won’t listen whatever you may say.

8． 比较状语从句

常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)

特殊引导词：the more … the more … ; just as …， so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B

She is as bad-tempered as her mother.

The house is three times as big as ours.

The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.

Food to men is what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。

9． 方式状语从句

常用引导词：as, as if, how

特殊引导词：the way

When in Rome, do as the Roman do.

She behaved as if she were the boss.

Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.

10. 状语从句的简化

状语从句的省略

状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如：

When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year .

He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible.

另外，比较状语从句经常省略。例如：

I’m taller than he (is tall ).

The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ).

就状语从句而言,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行"简化"。状语从句的"简化"现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。

状语从句的"简化"现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:①由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句;②由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句;③由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句;④由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句;⑤由as, than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。

(1)当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。例如:

If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。

You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。

高三英语语法重点难点点拨<<陈老师课堂>>　

高中英语状语从句讲解

一．原因从句

1. 由as／because／since 引导的原因从句：

We camped there as／because／since it was too dark to go on．我们在那里露宿是因为天太黑，不能再继续往前走了。

As／Because／Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there．因为天太黑不能再继续往前走，我们就在那儿露宿了。

2. in view of the fact that可用as／since／seeing that来表示，但不能用because： As／Since／Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand．既然你在这儿，就帮我个忙吧。

As／Since／Seeing that Tom knows French，he’d better do the talking．既然汤姆懂法语，最好让他来谈。

二．结果从句

结果状语从句——引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that, so…that, such that, such…that, that等。当从句前面有逗号时，so that中that可省略，如：

It was dark, so (that) we could see nothing in front of us.

“So + 形容词 / 副词 + that”是引导结果状语从句的常用结构，如：

He talked so loud that he annoyed the speaker. He was so brilliant that he made a lot of inventions.

“such (a) + 形容词 + 名词 + that”与“so…that”的意义相同，如：

It was such a hot day that people could not go out. He painted such beautiful pictures that the visitors were lost in admiration.

such／so…that引导的结果从句

A such是形容词，用于形容词+名词结构之前：

They had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house．他们有一条如此凶猛的狗，以致没人敢靠近他们家。

He spoke for such a long time that people began to fall asleep．他说了这么长时间，以致在座的人都犯困了。

B so是副词，用于副词和不带名词的形容词之前：

The snow fell so fast that our footsteps were soon covered up．雪下得这么快，以致我们的脚印很快就被雪盖住了。

His speech went on for so long that people began to fall asleep．他的讲话这么长，以致在座的人都开始犯困了。

Their dog was so fierce that no one dared come near it．他们的狗太凶猛了，所以没人敢靠近它。

such不能用于much和many之前，so可用于后跟名词的much和many之前：

There was so much dust that we couldn’t see what was happening．灰尘太大了，使得我们看不清发生了什么事。

So many people complained that they took the programme off．抱怨的人太多，所以他们取消了那个节目。

C 注意：such＋a＋形容词＋名词可由so＋形容词＋a＋名词来代替，所以such a good man可由so good a man来代替。这只能在名词前面有a／an的情况下使用。

热点之一：含有否定意义的副词放在句首引起的部分倒装

此类副词有：not，never，seldom，hardly，rarely，little等。例如：

Not a single word did he say at the meeting．（在会上，他什么也没说。）

热点之二：含有否定意义的连接词置于句首引起的部分倒装

此类连接词有：not only．．．but also，neither．．．nor．．．，no sooner．．．than，scarcely．．．when，hardly．．．when等。请看例句：

No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang．（她一出门电话就响了。）

热点之三：搞清so（nor ，neither）＋助动词＋主语与so（nor ，neither）＋主语＋助动词之间的区别

前者表示重复前句部分的内容，译为“也是如此”。而后者表示对前句内容的进一步肯定或证实，译为“确实如此”。例如：

Lily can't answer the question．Neither can I．莉莉不能回答这问题。我也不能。

Tom was late for school yesterday．So he was. 汤姆昨天上学迟到。他确实如此。

热点之四：省略if的虚拟条件句以had ／were ／should开头引起的部分倒装

这是虚拟语气中比较特殊的一种，其实质就是省略if后引起的变化。如：

Had he worked harder，he would have got through the exams．（要是他努力学习的话，他是会通过考试的。）

热点之五：not until置于句首引起后面句子的部分倒装

not until意为“直到……才……”，位于句首时引起后面的主句倒装。如：

Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework．老师来了他才完成作业。

热点之六：only短语置于句首引起的部分倒装

only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，常引起后面句子部分倒装。如：

Only in this way can you learn English well．只有通过这种方式，你才能把英语学好。

让步从句

它们由下列词来引导：although，though，even though，even if，no matter，however有时也可以使用whatever。as也可以，但是只限于形容词＋as＋be结构。

Although／Though／Even though／Even if you don’t like him you can still be polite．尽管／即使／纵然／即使你不喜欢他，你仍可有礼貌一些。

No matter what you do，don’t touch this switch．无论怎样，都别碰这个按钮。

However rich people are，they always seem anxious to make more money．无论人们多么富有，他们似乎总还渴望赚到更多的钱。

However carefully you drive，you will probably have an accident eventually．无论你开车多小心，最后你大概还会出车祸。

Whatever you do，don’t tell him that I told you this．无论如何，别跟他说这件事是我告诉你的。

Patient as he was，he had no intention of waiting for three hours．哪怕他再有耐心，也不打算等上三个小时。

比较从句

He didn’t play as well as we expected／as well as you（did）．他打得不如我们预料的好／你打得好。

He sings more loudly than anyone I’ve ever heard／than anyone else （does）．他唱得比我听到的任何人唱得都响／比任何人都声音响。

You work harder than he does／than him／than I did at your age．你比他干得卖劲／我在你这个年龄时干得卖劲。

时间从句

A 时间从句由下列表示时间的连词来引导：

after immediately till／until no sooner…than when as soon as since whenever before the sooner while hardly…when the minute the moment

B 时间从句中不用将来时态。

1 如将下列将来时态放入时间从句中，须将它变为一般时态。

You’ll be back soon．I’ll stay till then．= I’ll stay till you get back．你会很快回来，我一直等到那时。

C since从句

since从句后面常跟完成时态

They’ve moved house twice since they got married．／Since they got married，they’ve moved house twice．他们结婚后已搬了两次家。

He said he’d lived in a tent since his house burnt down．他说自从他的房屋被烧毁后，他就一直住在帐篷里。

It’s ages since I sailed／have sailed a boat．我未驾驶帆船已有好多年了。

I haven’t sailed a boat since I left college．自从我大学毕业后就没再驾驶帆船了。

D after从句

after从句之后常跟完成时态：

After／When he had rung off I remembered… 等他把电话挂断后，我才想起……

After／When you’ve finished with it，hang it up．你用完了之后，请把它挂起来。

E hardly／scarcely… when，no sooner… than

The performance had hardly begun when the lights went out．= Hardly had the performance begun when the lights went out．演出刚开始就停电了。

这里可以用scarcely代替hardly，但不常见。

He had no sooner drunk the coffee than he began to feel drowsy．= No sooner had he drunk the coffee than he began to feel drowsy．他喝咖啡没多一会儿，就犯困了。

He no sooner earns any money than he spends it．= Immediately he earns any money he spends it．他钱一挣到手，就花光了。

注意the sooner…the sooner的用法：

The sooner we start，the sooner we’ll be there．我们动身得越早，到那儿就越早。