定语从句高考从句例句_定语从句高考从句

1.高考英语。宾语从句和定语从句有什么区别呢，求简单讲解下重点

2.高中英语定语从句句型归纳

3.定语从句高考句子

4.定语从句关系副词例句

5.定语从句that when

我已最详细的介绍定语从句（the attributive clause）让你更好的掌握

一．什么叫定语从句？

一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。

二．定语从句的结构及种类

1. 结构：关系词+主语+谓语+其它

2. 种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

三．关系词的分类及关系词

1. 关系代词：who，whom, whose, that ,which, as

2. 关系副词：when，where，why

四．关系词的功用

1. 起连接作用，引导定语从句

2. 在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。

五．什么是先行词？

被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。

六．关系词的用法

1. who

当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who。

The boy who is standing over there is Tom.

He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.

2. whom

当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选whom.

This is our English teacher whom everybody likes.

3. whose

① 当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose.

This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory.

② 当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.

We study in a classroom whose windows face to the south.

4. that

① 当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.

This is a machine that can walk.

② 当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that. 另外，that可以省略。

I like the present (that) my father sent me.

③ 当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=who

The boy that/who is playing football on the play ground is my brother.

5. which

当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that

6. 下列情况下，关系词只能选用that

① 当先行词为不定代词 something, anything, nothing, everything时

Is there anything that I can do for you?

② 当先行词为不定代词all时

Mr. Li does all that he can to do his work well.

③ 当先行词被all, some, any修饰时

These are all the things that I have done today.

④ 当先行词被the only, the very 修饰时

This is the only computer that he often turns to for help.

⑤ 当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时

This is the cleaning room that you can see here.

⑥ time 作先行词，前面有序数词或last修饰时

This is the last time that I’ll give you pocket money.

⑦ 尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。

He is no longer the child that he used to be 20 years ago

⑧ 以 who开头的特殊疑问句，尽管先行词指人。

Who is the person that is sitting on the ground ?

⑨ 当先行词包括人和物时。

7. 下列情况下，关系词只能选which

① 在非限制性定语从句中。

This is my favorite pen, which I bought yesterday.

② 先行词不是一个词，而是前面整个句子的概念时

The boy is very polite, which makes his parents happy.

③ 当先行词指物，用“介词+which”

This is the pen with which I often write.

8. as

As 引导定语从句时，有四种情况。As在句中作主语，宾语。

① as 单独引导定语从句。

As we all know (=As is known to us all), Yao Ming is a famous basketball player.

② the same …as… 与…一样

I have the same idea as you.

③ such… as… 和…一样

Don’t read such a book as you can’t understand.

④ as…as… 和…一样

In this library, you can borrow as many books as you can.

9. where

① 当先行词是指地点的名词，而且关系副词在句中作状语时，选where，where=介词+which

This is the classroom where we study.

② 尽管先行词是指地点的名词，但关系词在句中作主语，宾语时，只能选that/which.

This is the factory that/which makes paper

This is the factory(that/which) we visited yesterday.

③ 尽管先行词是指地点的名词，关系词在句中作主语，宾语，但非限制性定语从句只能用which

This is the school, which he visited.

④ the one 是代词，代替前面的名词，其后的that/which 往往省略。

Is this factory the one you visited?

⑤ 当situation, job, mark, race, point 等模糊概念的名词，关系词在句中作状语时，选where

You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.

⑥ 尽管先行词是指地点的名词，关系词在句中作状语，但定语从句末有介词时，选which。

This is the lab which we do experiments in.

10. when

① 当先行词是指时间的名词，而且关系副词在句中作状语时，选when，when=介词+which

We will never forget the days when we stayed with Mr. Smith.

② 尽管先行词是指时间的名词，但关系词在句中作主语，宾语时，选that或which。

Monday is the day which/that comes before Tuesday.

We will never forget the days (that/which) we spent with him.

③ 尽管先行词是指时间的名词，关系词在句中作主语，宾语，但非限制性定语从句只能选which。

Wednesday is the day, which comes before Thursday.

④ one 作替代词，代替前面表示时间的名词，其后的that/which往往省略。

That was an exciting moment, one I will remember forever.

⑤ time作先行词，前面有序数词或last时，只能选that。

Is this the third time that you have been late for school this week?

11. why

① 当先行词是指表示原因的名词reason时，如果关系副词作状语，选why，why=for which.

This is the reason why I didn’t attend the meeting yesterday.

② 当先行词是表示原因的名词reason时，如果关系副词在句中作宾语，选that/which,也可省略。

My parents didn’t believe the reason (that/ which) I give him.

七．介词+which/whom

1. 介词+which/whom

① 介词的选择根据下面四种情况

a. 根据定语从句中的谓语动词

Who is the person with whom you shook hands just now?

b. 根据定语从句中的形容词

In learning English, he had two things about which he was not sure.

c. 根据定语从句所修饰的先行词

This is the bike by which I go to school.

d. 根据句意。

This is the train on which he works.

② 如果关系词指人，选whom，如果关系词指物，选which。

2. 不定代词+of+which/whom

常用的不定代词有：both, neither, either(两者之一)，all, none, many, most, some, any

Mr. Li has two sons, both of whom are college students.

There are 10.000 books in this library, most of which are interesting.

3. 数词，分词，百分数+of+which/whom

There are 50 students in our class, two thirds of whom are girls.

4. the+名词+of+which=whose+名词

He has just bought a magazine, the cover of which (=whose cover) is missing.

5. 介词+whose+名词

This is our school teaching building, on whose top there is a red flag.

八．非限制性定语从句

如果主语和定语从句之间有个逗号，它就是非限制性定语从句。引导非限制性的定语从句的关系词有：which，who, when, where, why, whom, whose.

九．分隔性的定语从句

有时定语从句和先行词之间被其他词隔开，把这种从句叫分隔性的定语从句。

The days are gone when China used foreign oil.

= Gone are the days when China used foreign oil.

十．The way 作先行词，引导定语从句的关系词有三种情况：that, in which 省略。

I don’t like the way ___D___ you do things.

A. that B. in which C. × D. all of the above

十一. One of +the+复数名词+定语从句，谓语动词用复数，the only one of +the 复数名词+定语从句，谓语动词用单数。

He is one of the teachers in our school who teach well.

He is the only one of the teachers in our school who teaches well.

十二. 在定语从句中，谓语动词的单数，复数依据它所修饰的先行词。

I, who am your teacher, will help you with everything.

He who breaks the school rules should be punished.

Those who break the school rules should be punished.

Anyone who breaks the school rules should be punished.

十三. 定语从句和并列句的区别

非限制性的定语从句和主语之间有一个逗号，并列句的结构式单句+并列连词（and, or. so, but）+简单句.

I have many friends, all of whom are kind to me.

I have many friends and all of them are kind to me.

高考英语。宾语从句和定语从句有什么区别呢，求简单讲解下重点

1 A Who或What引导的特殊疑问句中的定语从句为了避免重复，只用that引导，由于关系代词在从句中作主语，所以不能省略。

2 B 当先行词被the only,the very, the just, the last, the right修饰时，只能that引导定语从句。

3 B 这是由“介词＋关系代词”引出的定语从句，因为要译为“到......为止”且从句用于完成时，所以用by。

高中英语定语从句句型归纳

宾语从句和定语从句的区别：宾语从句：只有主语+谓语动词，缺少宾语，整个从句充当句子宾语，（从句前面是一个动词）。定语从句是：主谓宾完整，整个从句作为定语补充说明宾语这个先行词，（从句前面是一个名词）。

定语从句结构

定语从句公式:定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句

先行词，指被定语从句修饰的名词、代词。

一般先行词出现在定语从句的前面。

关系词

关系词常有3个作用：

①连接作用，连接主句和定语从句。

②指代先行词。

③在定语从句中担当成分。

宾语从句时态

主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。

例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.

主句是一般过去时，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。

例句：She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.

当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实真理时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。

例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.

定语从句高考句子

定语从句是高中英语学习的重要语法项目之一，也是历年高考的热点。它的难度主要是通过改变句子的正常语序或借助于其它语法项目来体现的，为了提高同学们的应变能力， 现对定语从句的一些常见考点归纳和总结如下：

　一、疑问句中考查定语从句

　1. Is this the farm ________ you visited last week？

　A. where B. the one C. on which D. /

　答案是D.

　命题人经常利用疑问句的特殊结构来干扰学生的正确选择。遇到这类定语从句时，最好的办法是先把疑问句还原成陈述句，然后判断谁是先行词，再看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分，最后确定正确答案。

　二、倒装句中考查定语从句

　2. We came to a place， ________ stood a big tower.

　A. which B. that C. / D. where

　正确答案是D.为了保持句子平衡，句子用了倒装语序。倒装的使用使定语从句的结构变得较为特殊，因此对于使用倒装语序的定语从句，应先把倒装语序还原成正常语序，这样句子结构就比较清晰了。

　三、 拆分词组和固定搭配

　3. The second is connected with the use ________ the body makes of food.

　A. of which B. where C. to do D. that

　4. Why can’t you realize the part ________ they have played in our life？

　A. which B. on which C. when D. where

　正确答案分别是D和A.一些词组和搭配被拆开后，句子的含义就变得难以理解。首先把拆开的词组复原是理解此类定语从句的关键。上述句子中包含以下词组：make use of， play a part （in）。

　四、添加插入语或状语

　5. The scientist has made another discovery， _______ I believe is of great importance.

　A. that B. / C. which D. why

　应选择C.这类句子主要利用插入语或状语的添加来增加试题的难度。常见的插入语有：I think （suppose， expect， believe， imagine）， in my opinion， to tell you the truth等。做这类题目时，最佳的`办法是先删去插入语或状语，这样句子的主干部分就一目了然了。

　五、插入非谓语动词

　6. Is this the man ________ you want to have ________

　the radio for me？

　A. who；repaired B. that；repaired

　C. whom；repairing D. that；repair

　D项正确。非谓语动词是英语中难度较大的语法项目之一，因而在定语从句中加入非谓语动词就成了学生最易失分的题目。对付这类题目最有效的办法就是将句子还原。如：我们可以把几个句子中的定语从句进行还原，还原后的句子应是：

　You want to have the man repair the radio for me.

　《高中英语定语从句句型归纳》由英语编辑整理,更多请访问:/english/我们猜您可能喜欢以下文章： 如何提高雅思写作看网友雅思二战,作文4.5到6.5雅思写作网站:饼形图的解题思路分析雅思考试写作范文之巧克力的制作雅思写作技巧四--英语写作要诀雅思作文2012经典错误与分析2012雅思写作题目技巧二--写好段落的三个标准雅思写作最新范文：谈句型的灵活运用2012雅思写作之中应避免的常见错误2012雅思写作之常见错误分析11条雅思作文技巧让步段在大作文中的应用

定语从句关系副词例句

介词+关系词

1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。

2）that前不能有介词。

3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。

This is the house in which I lived two years ago.

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

Do you remember the day on which you joined our club？

Do you remember the day when you joined our club？

先行词和关系词二合一

1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.

(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)

2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.

(what 可以用all that代替)

as， which 非限定性定语从句

由as， which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。

As we know， smoking is harmful to one's health.

The sun heats the earth， which is very important to us.

典型例题

1）Alice received an invitation from her boss， ___came as a surprise.

A. it　 B. that　 C. whichD. he

答案C. 此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。

2）The weather turned out to be very good， ___ was more than we could expect.

A. what　B. which　C. that　D. it

答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。

3）It rained hard yesterday， ____ prevented me from going to the park..

A. that　B. whichC. as　 D. it

答案B.

as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：

(1） as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。

(2） as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。

在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。

As 的用法

例1. the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构， 和……一样……。

I have got into the same trouble as he (has).

例2. as可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'。

As we know， smoking is harmful to one's health.

As is know， smoking is harmful to one's health.

As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。

关系代词that 的用法

1）不用that的情况

a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。

(错)　The tree， that is four hundred years old， is very famous here.

b) 介词后不能用。

We depend on the land from which we get our food.

We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.

2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

a)　在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

b)　在不定代词，如：anything， nothing， the one， all， much， few， any， little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

c)　先行词有the only， the very修饰时，只用that。

d)　先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.

e)　先行词既有人，又有物时。

举例：

All that is needed is a supply of oil.

所需的只是供油问题。

Finally， the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。

难点分析

（一）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况

1．当先行词是anything， everything， nothing (something 除外)， few， all， none， little， some等代词时，或者是由every， any， all， some， no， little， few， much等修饰时

(1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said？

(2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.

(3) All that can be done has been done.

(4) There is little that I can do for you.

注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who

(4) Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.

2. 当先行词被序数词修饰

(1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.

3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时

(1) This is the best film that I have seen.

4. 当形容词被the very， the only 修饰时

(1) This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy，

(2) After the fire in his house， the old car is the only thing that he owned.

当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who

(3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/

5. 当先行词前面有who， which等疑问代词时

(1) Who is the man that is standing there？

(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most？

6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时

(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned？

（二）关系代词as和which引导的定语从句

as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是：

1．As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。

(1) He married her， as/which was natural.

(2) He was honest， as/which we can see.

2. as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思

(1) As is known to all， China is a developing country.

(2) He is from the south， as we can see from his accent.

(3) John， as you know， is a famous writer.

(4) He has been to Paris more than several times， which I don’t believe.

注意：当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用which

(5) Tom was always late for school， which made his teacher angry.

3. 当先行次受such， the same修饰时，常用as

(1) I have never heard such a story as he tells.

(2) He is not such a fool as he looks.

(3) This is the same book as I lost last week.

注意：当先行次由the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同

(4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding. 她穿着她在MARY婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。

(5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。

（三）以the way为先行词的定语从句通常由in which， that引导，而且通常可以省略。

(1) The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising.

(四) but有时也可以做关系词引导定语从句

(1) There are very few but understand his idea. ( but= who don’t )

(五) 区分定语从句和同位语从句

1．定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系

(1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定语从句

(2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 同位语从句

2．定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when， where， how， why， whether， what等词引导，充当成分

(1) The news he told me is true.

(2) The news that he has just died is true.

(3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. 定语

(4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.

3. 同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以

(1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful. 同位语

(2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.

(3) The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all.

(4) The fact is that the earth moves around the earth.

定语从句that when

　定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定，所以叫做定语从句。接下来要给大家推荐的是定语从句关系副词例句，欢迎阅读以及参考！

　一、基本概念：

　在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如：

　Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now?

　That is the house where he lived ten years ago.

　定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。

　引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which;

　关系副词有：when, where, why.

　二、关系词的用法：

　(一)关系代词的用法：

　1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如：

　He is the man who/that lives next door.

　The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.

　2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如：

　The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer.

　Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week?

　注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。

　3. 作定语用whose, 如：

　(a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week.

　(b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.

　注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语(如上a句)，又能作宾语(如上b句)。whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如：

　They came to a house whose back wall had broken down.. (= the back wall of which)

　He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. (= whose name)

　4. 作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如：

　He is no longer the man that he used to be.

　This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be.

　(二)关系副词的用法：

　1.when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如：

　I still remember the time when I first became a college student.

　Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?

　注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如：

　Each time he came, he did his best to help us.

　But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill.

　2.where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place, spot, street, house, room,

　city, town, country等，如：

　This is the hotel where they are staying.

　I forget the house where the Smiths lived.

　注：where有时也可以省略。如：

　This is the place (where) we met yesterday.

　3. why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如：

　That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.

　注：why时常也可以省略。如：

　That is the real reason he did it.

　(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点：

　1. 这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构：

　when = on (in, at, during…) + which;

　where = in (at, on…) + which;

　why = for which. 如：

　I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived.

　The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor.

　This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it.

　2. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的.place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较：

　I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated.

　I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer.

　His father works in a factory where radio parts are made.

　His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.

　3. when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。而why 只能引导限制性定语从句。

　关系词通常有下列三个作用：1)引导定语从句;2)代替先行词;3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。

　关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as等;

　一：关系代词的用法 关系代词 指代对象及在从句中所作的成分

　使用要点

　that

　即指人又指物;作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)

　只用于限制性定语从句中，介词后面不能跟that。 当代替物时，可以与which通用。

　Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that I gave her.

　昨天艾米丽穿了我送给她的新衣服。

　I have a friend that likes listening to classical music我有个朋友喜欢听古典音乐。

　which

　指物;作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)

　在非限定性定语从句中，只宜用which,不能用that.在限定性定语从句中，可用在介词之后。

　My parents live in a house which is more than 100 years old

　我的父母住在一座具有100多年历史的房子里

　who,whom

　指人;作主语或宾语(whom常可省略) 先行词必须为人。Who可代替在从句中担任宾语的whom,若前有介词，须用whom

　A couch potato is a person who spends a lot of time watching TV. “A couch potato”指那种成天沉湎于电视中的人。

　The student(whom)I taught two years ago has joined the army.

　我两年前教的那个学生已经参军了。

　whose 既指人又指物;作定语 是代词的所有格， 代物时，相当于of which。

　The room whose window faces south is mine. 那个窗户朝南的房间是我的。

　注意：whose指物时，常用of which结构来代替。如：

　The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

　=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

　1.who指人，在从句中做主语

　(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

　(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

　2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

　(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.

　注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

　(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

　3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

　(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)

　(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)

　4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom;指物时，相当于which。

　在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

　(5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)

　(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)

　5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

　(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

　(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.

　whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替

　(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

　=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

　(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?

　=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

　一、 that在定语从句中的用法

　 1、不用that的情况

　(1) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。

　(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, Is very famous here.

　(2) 介词后不能用。

　We depend on the land from which we get our food.

　We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.

　 2、只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

　(1) 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

　(2) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

　(3) 先行词有the only, the very,the same,the last,just修饰时，只用that。

　(4) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。.

　(5) 先行词既有人，又有物时。

　(6) 先行词指物，在主句中作表语时.

　(7) 为了避免重复.

　(8) 先行词是the way或the reason时，that可作关系副词，也可省略

　(9) 主句的主语是疑问词who /which时

　二、 定语从句引导词 when

　when作为定语从句的引导词时，表示时间，在从句中充当时间状语，后面需要加上完整的陈述语序。

　 句式：表示时间的名词+when+完整陈述句+句子其它成分。

　when引导的定语从句可以放在主语，宾语或者表语，甚至为名词的宾补之后。

　例：

　 一

　The night when we took a stroll in the park was so cold.

　咱们在公园散步的那个晚上好冷。

　night 做主语，被定语从句when we took a stroll in the park 修饰。

　 二

　I remember the night when we took a stroll in the park.

　我记得那个咱们一起在公园散步的夜晚。

　night变成了宾语，被定语从句when we took a stroll in the park修饰。

　 三

　What I can never forget is the night when we took a stroll in the park.

　我永不能忘记的是咱们一起在公园散步的那个夜晚。

　night变成了表语，被定语从句when we took a stroll in the park修饰。

　 以上三组例句中，when后面所接的都是完整句，并且when 后的从句时态和主句一致。前提是when充当的从句的时间状语，相当于是at the night.

　 所以，以上三句，可以把when都改成at which。

　 写作必备when引导定语从句句式：

　There was a time when...... 曾经。。。

　There was a time when people were never bothered by pollution.

　曾经人们不用为污染烦忧。

　We all experience a day when......我们都经历过。。。

　We all experience a day when everything goes wrong.

　我们都经历过事事不顺心的'一天。

　we can never ignore the time when......我们绝不能忽视。。。

　We can never ignore the time when computers penetrate our life and study.

　我们不能忽视这个电脑渗透进我们的生活和学习的年代。

　三、如何选择定语从句的引导词

　 选择定语从句的引导词是学习定语从句的难点。以下口诀可帮助同学们化难为易。

　一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处;

　三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊。

现将四句口诀分述如下：

　“一看指人还是物”：指人时用who，whom;whose和that既可指人又可指物;which只能指物。that和which在句中作主语或宾语;在非正式文体中，作宾语的whom，which或that可省略。

高考链接

　The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____ are built close to each other.

　A. they B. where C. what D. that

　答案：D。

　解析：分析句子结构可知，空格处及后面部分为定语从句，先行词small houses为物，故用that引导定语从句，that在定语从句中作主语。

　“二看介词在何处”：介词置于从句之首还是置于从句的其他地方，引导词的使用有区别。当介词置于从句之首时，若指人，介词之后只能用whom而不能用who和that;若指物，则只能用which而不能用that。

经典例析

　试比较以下两句：

　1. Do you know the woman with whom I shook hands at the school gate?

　2. Do you know the woman whom I shook hands with at the school gate?

　第一句中介词with置于定语从句之首，其后的whom不可以替换成who或that，也不能省略;第二句中的引导词whom作介词with的宾语，可替换为who或that，也可省略。

　“三看句中作何用”：如何选用定语从句中的引导词，关键是要看引导词在从句中充当什么成分。若作主语，则在who，that或which之中选择;若作定语，则用whose;若作状语，则在when，where，why之中挑选。

　 高考链接

　The prize will go to the writer _____ story shows the most imagination.

　A. that B. which

　C. whose D. what

　答案：C。

　解析：whose引导定语从句，且在从句中作定语，修饰story;whose story相当于the story of whom。

　“四看是否属特殊”：定语从句中引导词的使用还要注意一些特殊情况，如who与that均可指人，which和that均可指物，但这些引导词在具体的语言环境中有区别，不能换用。

　 经典例析

　1. This is the first time that I’ve been to the museum, which I have been looking forward to for many years.

　当先行词被序数词修饰时，引导词只能用that而不用which。

　2. Those who are studying in our school can borrow five books at a time.

　为避免重复，先行词为指人的that或those时，引导词用who而不用that。

　3. Such magazines as you bought last time are well worth reading.

　such ... as，the same ... as属于固定搭配。

最后，我们再用一则歌谣帮助大家巩固关系词在定语从句中的一般用法。

　关系词，引定从，它们的用法各不同。

　that可作主、宾用，指人指物它都行;

　which 通常指物用，主语、宾语它也能;

　who和whom指人用，分作主、宾要弄清;

　whose一词它真行，修饰人、物都管用;

　时间状语应用when，地点状语where行，

　要问原因为什么，关系副词why最清;

　as一词属特殊，常与such，the same连用，

　修饰全句或部分，常常用作主或宾。